Licensed beta-blockers for heart failure include which of the following?

Licensed beta-blockers for heart failure include which of the following?

• A. Nebivolol
• B. Bisoprolol
• C. Carvedilol
• D. All of the above

Answer: (D)

Beta-blockers that improve survival in stable heart failure with reduced ejection fraction are those with proven mortality benefit and official licensing for this use. Bisoprolol and carvedolol have strong trial evidence demonstrating mortality reduction in heart failure and are widely licensed for this indication. Nebivolol is also licensed for heart failure in many regions, so all three can be used as approved options depending on local licensing. When starting therapy, begin at a low dose after the patient is stabilized on other heart failure therapies, and increase gradually while monitoring heart rate, blood pressure, and signs of fluid status. Avoid initiation or uptitration during acute decompensation, and watch for bradycardia, hypotension, or fatigue.

Beta-blockers that improve survival in stable heart failure with reduced ejection fraction are those with proven mortality benefit and official licensing for this use. Bisoprolol and carvedolol have strong trial evidence demonstrating mortality reduction in heart failure and are widely licensed for this indication. Nebivolol is also licensed for heart failure in many regions, so all three can be used as approved options depending on local licensing. When starting therapy, begin at a low dose after the patient is stabilized on other heart failure therapies, and increase gradually while monitoring heart rate, blood pressure, and signs of fluid status. Avoid initiation or uptitration during acute decompensation, and watch for bradycardia, hypotension, or fatigue.